Oil filter



Sept. 28, 1954 o s ET AL OIL FILTER 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed Aug. 1 1951 INVENTORS PA UL r A SH By HARLA/VD TIM/7A5 A TT'URJVE) Sept. 28, 1954 THOMAS ET AL OIL FILTER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 1 1951 INVENTORS Fm UL 7: A SH HARL/M/D 77/017115 BY 7T0 IVE) Patented Sept. 28, 1954 5 90,264; OILIFILTLE HarlanmTmm si. Bert Ewen, N; Y; an la:

K ypnrt,

eer e iirzm apiA a m e ee t 1;. se i lr i 239;?54:

This: inventionrelates to. av liquid. filter. and particularly to a. typeiof liquid filter. contain-v ingareplaeeable cartridgeiandimoreiparticularly a cartridge in the form ofga can It: is: an object of this invention to provide. a. liquidfilter in which/the cartridge is. quickly. and; easil nreplaced.

At further obj ect of this; invention is to. pro-W videma; liquid filter that; mayo-contain a plurality, of; cartridgenelements and in which one or: more;- m yi be quickly andieasily changed.

It; is; a; further, object of this, invention to provide a liquid filter in .which the; cartridgeiis i. cgmpris ed of; a can element; and, in,v which. the. can: ispressed into a tigh-t sealing relation with i theninlet end- I of the filter :to insure the..,.passag.e of th oil through Said cancartridgeelement.

t sle. ur h object -i this invention tov provide. a liquid filter in which; the filtering-I ev i id i r tain d? n a v ea1e i-v re a ionsh p at heinlfimd aid lt r hmmeans .Q fi a resil ent, element and inwhichthe sea1:o f;the, cartridge lemen -i, mev. be. ken l y-pass; the i uide-v he ven t e e is n xcess e fluidwpressure front the inlet.- end of I said .pfilter,

tie r her. b t; fi .r e tionttoipro-t. id e. a idee=- ement or a. quid filte n. .9 rm Qf;at enim h ch amen-M; e ieali R i are unt n. o d e a iq shinendr n which he-filter ng, m e i i packed. a ound he Per h r f ne-0 id r ngs- A still 3 further object of, thig inventio i I, to, provide a cartridgeelement: for.an,o il-fi1 ter., in,

I h fi m'. i i 1 c n; wh ch he; ie an Qi f Qj he hape Qf n o el s .a. d which the;w f @i i n are eflwe ed e rm ihe es he te d, 1. p s in hr u h a d.- r id e Othe r' object s of; this invention may, become. apparent bvreference to the accompany g -de ai sc i n an he td winw ni hich Fig." 1 illustrates a cross sectional- View: ofj the oil filter i Fig.3 is' apartial cross sectionalview ;illustr at nt m fi e t Q i =i e tt e.washe v Fig, 4 illustrates in cross seetio n I anotherem; bodiment i f v the oil filter, Y

Fig. 5 L is fa partiallcrosst sectional view of an 5Q Fig. YJiSLatf-urtherJ embodiment ofi thisiinvemv tiont illustratingaL'ca'si-ng Witt-iv a." plurality. oft bores. M

Referring to Riga- 1:theremisflillustrated. a liquid filten I0, which"-inthieembodimnt. isan oil. filter; The, filter is comprised! of:. a, casing I II. generally, cup .'shapedin "form adapted to re: ceiveacartridge element. The casing}, I I is -pro-k vided with a mounting base. I2uand alcentrali aperture. Mithrongh said base. A cover... or cap I 5lis.-provided=formtheicasingl I I Asealor'washert I B: is) provided to tbe imounted between the. I covert I hand the rimiof theicasing. II The cover. I this, provided withi'a generallygu shapedgroovearound;

5 its periphery toimateiwith andifit the rim. of;

the. casing Ill-J and; thewasheni I6. is mounted; withintheuu shapedigroove. The. casing. II is.- also provided-with at. pain-of: integral lu'gsi I1 provided with a downwardly facing-shoulder I 8;

A pair of tong like elements I9I-- are. provided.- withi hook shaped. ends 20: to abutv withv the shoulders I8t The ,.elements I 9. are. joined. rigid: lyito a central: element. 2.I that is provided 7 with, an,.,internal.thread 2-2. Mounted through theimv ternal: thread; 22,is a, threaded. element 23;. ele: ment. 2,3:1is provided=.w,ith, airounded end; 24,1 that is.- mounted on the top,v of: the cover- I5; in. a. pocketliinf the sum 52; The .oppositeend ofvelerv. Inent=23 iskprovided-with aflpair of finger gripping. handles 25;, Referringtto the. base, I2:- of the; casing I I, it isctotbe notedthat the base 8c provid d; wi h. slud e. hamber 28: and the: shoulder: ly -between the sludge; chamber 2 8,; and he n erna periph y 3050 th i a in I I; The shouldersi ovided with a roovefii. Thus.

he earing. d e, oithe shqulder 29; ma .v be;

ir s .ifit edgw' h: t \upnerzcontour to" matetwithi bearin pletefih ontthelovver, surface. of the v GOV811J5: Elementifitis providediwith a PIUI'B/lfi. ity, of bearing, fingers. 38.? and as illustrated: in Fig, 1,- element3'6 isin at compressed relationship retaining thefcan- 35-=in-.a tight bearin re: lationshipiwiththe shoulden-za-oi the base I2;

Howeverr element 3645 provided vvithsufficient-- resiliency so that in the event of excessive pressure from the lower face of the cartridge, the excessive pressure will lift the cartridge 35 and permit by-passing the fluid under pressure around the periphery of the can 35. In the base W of the casing H in aperture Hi there is inserted a mounting bolt 42. Bolt 40 is provided to mount the casing I I and particularly the base H2 in a tight fitting relationship to the motor of the motor vehicle. The bolt 48 is provided with a bore 4| through its center to permit the passage of oil from the motor pump through the bolt into the sludge chamber 28 of the casing. There are a plurality of apertures 42 provided around the periphery of the bolt Ml below the sludge chamber so that a large percentage of the oil that is pumped through bolt 40 will pass through the apertures 42 and thus circulate back to the oil system of the motor vehicle. Thus only a predetermined percentage of the oil from the motor vehicle oil pump will be pumped through the oil filter. The oil that is pumped through the oil filter, that is, through the cartridge 35 which is necessarily perforated on both its bottom and top faces will pass into the upper chamber of the casing H above the can cartridge and referring to Fig. 2 will pass through the outlet port 44 to the motor as thoroughly filtered oil.

Although we have illustrated and described one embodiment in which the oil passes upward, the same device may be inverted to thus feed the oil to the top and have the oil pass downward for a filtering operation. Likewise, although we have shown the casing ill mounted with a central mounting bolt 4i! that is affixed through the base 52, we may position bolt or bolts in other positions, to permit a different installation, such as to the dash or fire wall of a motor vehicle.

It is apparent that the oil filter may be easily disassembled starting with the device as illustrated in Fig. l. The handle 28 is first turned to release member 2i and the arms H! from engagement with members i l of the casing. When the hooked ends 26 have been released, 'member 2! may be lifted bodily from the cover l5. The cover 55 may then be lifted from casing H. Member 36 may then be lifted out of the casing then the can cartridge 35 may be lifted out of the casing l i. The cartridge 35 is easily provided with either a finger hole in its top cover or with a wire loop affixed to the top cover to permit grasping the cartridge for easy removal. This is all that is necessary to replace a new cartridge. However it is also possible to release bolt 40 and thus remove the casing H from its mounting plate on the motor. The assembly of the unit will naturally be in the reverse of the disassembly just described. The operation of the device is quite apparent by reference to Fig. 1. With the casing H mounted by means of its base 2 to a mounting plate (not shown) by means of the bolt 40, the oil from coil pump of the motor is pumped through the bore M of the bolt 40. Thus a certain percentage of the oil will be pumped into the sludge chamber 23 of the casing and as the oil is continuously pumped it will be forced upward through the cartridge 35 being filtered. The oil thus passes into the upper chamber of casing l I above the cartridge 35 and in turn out the outlet port 44. It is to be noted that the oil must pass through the cartridge 35 due to the sealing of the bottom edge of the cartridge 35, that is, the shoulder 29 is tightly pressed into a sealing engagement with the lower face of the cartridge 35 and in another embodiment using a sealing washer 32 the lower face of the can will bear upon the washer 32 to provide an effective seal. It is also apparent that with a resilient retaining means such as 36, the cartridge may be forced upward by an excessive pressure on the lower face of the cartridge. In such instance the cartridge reacts like a safety valve permitting the excessive fluid pressure to escape past the shoulder 29 or seal 32 and thus pass around the can periphery until the excessive pressure has been relieved. This excessive pressure is so often developed under extremely cold starting conditions but as soon as the motor heats the oil is reduced in its consistency and the pressure drops considerably until a normal oil pressure results at which time the resilient member 38 will naturally force the can cartridge 35 back onto the sealing shoulder 29.

Referring to Fig. 4 there is illustrated another embodiment of this invention in which the casing 5i] is constructed similar to casing H of the prior embodiment except that it is considerably elongated to permit inserting a plurality of cartridges In such instance, the oil being filtered must pass through more than one filtering cartridge before passing through the outlet port :34. In a further embodiment of this invention, the casing 50 is altered or rather the wall is increased in its diameter at the lower portion of the casing to permit drilling or forming one or more bores 5| through said wall. The bore 5| is in turn connected at its lower extremity by a bore 52 to the sludge chamber 28 of the casing while the bore 5! is connected at its upper extremity by a bore 53 with the cartridge containing chamber. However, bore 53 is positioned so that it will be slightly above the upper edge of the can 35 When mounted within casing 5%. In order that this aperture may remain open to the cartridge chamber, a disk or spacer 5a is inserted to rest upon the top of the can 35 and a cutout portion 55 of the spacer 5!, is positioned adjacent to the bore 53. Since we have provided a seal at the lower edge of the first can 35, it is necessary to provide another seal or washer 56 that will bear upon the spacer 54 and upon which the next cartridge or can 35 may rest. Thus when the member 36 is positioned on top of the upper cartridge and the cover i5 is placed in position and compressed in a tight fitting relation, the upper cartridge 35 will be forced d0Wl'lward upon the seal 56 to provide the same sealing action as provided by shoulder 2% and its accompanying seal 32. The embodiment illustrated in Fig. 4 thus provides the means to utilize a plurality of cartridges 35 and thus increase the filtering action of the oil passing through the filter,

Fig. 5 illustrates a further embodiment of this invention in which the can 35 is replaced by the filter unit fill. The filter unit 60 is similarly constructed as a metal enclosed can but in this instance the walls of the can are shaped in the form of an hour glass and in addition the walls are perforated over their entire surface. The perforations are preferably made in an upward direction so that the oil passing through said filter must be directed downward by these perforations to leave the filtering cartridge. Thus the oil passing upward through cartridge til will be deflected from its upward normal path. This configuration produces a much greater area from which the oil may escape than in the prior emcan is perforated. This embodiment produces a greater flow or a flow of less resistance although thefiltering material is producing the same effect upon the fluid passing therethrough.

A still further embodiment of this invention is illustrated inFig. 6 in which the cartridge 6! is similarly formed as a tin can and in which there are inserted two springs formed as a helix and positioned in abutting relationship so that their force reacts in opposition to each other. In this embodiment the filtering material is packed about the lower spring leaving the internal periphery of the helix unpacked whereas the filtering material is packed around and within the upper spring. Thus this cartridge will be similar to the cartridge already claimed in a prior related application except that the introduction of the additional spring prevents the compression of the filtering material by the spring and .the spring thus becomes simply a form of retaining means to hold the filtering material in the predetermined formation illustrated.

Referring to Fig. 7 there is illustrated another embodiment of this invention in which a casing 65 is provided with three or more bores 66. The bores 66 are of the same internal diameter as the bore of casing H to thus permit the insertion of the cartridges 35 in each bore 66. The construc tion of the casing 65 may be similar to the casing I I, that is, the base portion will be duplicated for each bore 65 and the cover l5 may be duplicated for each bore 66 thus permitting the use of a plurality of cartridges for filtering purposes and also permitting the changing of any one or all filter cartridges when desired.

Various changes and modifications may be made in the oil filter casing to produce the same results, that is, the casing may be elongated to permit more than two cartridges being used without departing from the spirit of this invention and this invention shall be limited only by the appended claim.

A still further embodiment of this invention includes another form of seal for the bottom edge of the cartridge 35. Normally, a sealing washer 32 is provided, but another form of sealing has been provided in Fig. 6 in which each can or cartridge 6| is dipped, that is the rim of the bottom edge is immersed in a solution that will adhere to the can. This solution forms a thin tacky or resilient layer 62 around the rim of the can, and thus provides the sealing means when the can or cartridge 6| is inserted within the casing. The sealing coating or skin adheres to the can and when pressed against the shoulder 29 will form a tight fluid seal. The solution used to provide this sealing skin may vary according to the fluid that is to be filtered, with a liquid such as water the solution may be a form of rubber such at latex. With the filtering of an oil or gasoline product the solution may be a polymerized plastic resin product that provides the same resilient properties as the rubber and adheres to the can, but is impervious to the chemical reaction produced by the oil or gasoline.

Various changes and modifications may be made in the liquid filter casing to produce the same results, that is, the casing may be elongated to permit more than two cartridges being used or the casing may be formed in a different shape to permit the use of a plurality of cartridges in parallel relationship without departing from the spirit of this invention or the cartridges may be formed in different shapes as illustrated in Fig. 5 or may be modified in various ways as illustrated in Fig. 6 without departing from the spirit of this invention and this invention shall be limited only by the appended claim.

What is claimed is:

An oil filter comprising a housing member having inlet and outlet openings at opposite ends thereof, said housing member provided with an internal bore to retain a plurality of cartridges, a plurality of cartridges mounted in aligned relationship within said housing member between said openings, each cartridge comprised of a cylindrical can with both ends perforated and filtering material within said can, said housing member provided with a sludge chamber of a smaller diameter than the internal bore of said housing member, a supporting shoulder provided between said sludge chamber and said internal bore of said housing member, a spacing washer inserted between said cartridges to retain them in a spaced relationship to provide an auxiliary chamber between cartridges, a cap member for said housing member, a resilient means positioned between said cap member and the upper end of the top cartridge to retain said cartridges in a tight fitting relationship and the lower end of the bottom cartridge in a tight fitting relationship with said shoulder to cut off communication between the inlet and outlet openings of the housing, an auxiliary oil passage connecting the sludge chamber with the auxiliary chamber formed by the spacing mounted between said. cartridges to permit by-passing oil from the inlet of said housing to the chamber between cartridges.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,173,725 Ludwig et al. Feb. 29, 1916 1,917,121 Hughson July 4, 1933 2,081,968 Wicks et al. June 1, 1937 2,106,218 Krieck Jan. 25, 1938 2,197,252 Decker Apr. 16, 1940 2,221,465 Aldham Nov. 12, 1940 2,253,685 Burkhalter Aug. 26, 1941 2,298,674 Burhans Oct. 13, 1942 2,331,961 Clark Oct. 19, 1943 2,543,481 Wicks et a1 Feb. 27, 1951 2,554,748 Lewis et al. May 29, 1951 

